雅万高铁：拉近心与心的距离******
【奋进新时代·展品背后的故事】
光明日报记者 訾谦
“这列火车为啥看起来很特别？”在“奋进新时代”主题成就展中央综合展区外交工作单元，一款身披独特涂装的动车组模型成为人们关注的焦点。在仔细观摩完模型后，来自北京交通大学的大三学生林峰好奇地询问附近的工作人员。
“奋进新时代”主题成就展中央综合展区内展示的雅万高铁高速动车组模型。光明网记者 季春红摄/光明图片
“这是我国出口印度尼西亚的雅万高铁高速动车组。它融合印尼文化，采用银、红色涂装，寓意‘繁荣昌盛’，还配有由印尼国宝级动物‘科莫多龙’纹理抽象而成的红色多边形图案。所以，和咱们平常乘坐的不太一样。”现场工作人员介绍，雅万高铁高速动车组采用中国技术、中国标准、中国装备，是中国高铁首次全系统、全要素、全产业链在海外落地。
雅万高速铁路是连接印度尼西亚首都雅加达和第四大城市万隆之间的高速铁路，是“一带一路”倡议和“全球海洋支点”构想对接的重大标志性项目，全长142公里，设计时速为350公里。雅万高铁建成通车后，雅加达到万隆的出行时间将由之前的3个多小时缩短至40分钟。
“雅万高铁是东南亚首条高速铁路，在列车的设计上，我们做了许多适应性改变。”中车四方股份公司主任设计师张方涛说，为了适应沿线常年湿热和沿海多盐雾的气候条件，雅万高铁高速动车组采用了高标准防腐蚀设计。另外，雅万高铁线路坡道又长又陡，为此，工作人员专门设计了高加速模式，在这种模式下，列车的牵引力能迅速提升，爬坡能力更强，更能适应雅万高铁复杂的线路条件。
自2016年1月21日开工奠基以来，雅万高铁的修建始终在紧锣密鼓进行。在建设过程中，中方企业认真履行社会责任，为属地居民谋福祉，得到了当地群众的一致好评。
在中国中铁印尼雅万高铁4号制梁场项目驻地周边，几个村的村道年久失修，路面坑洼不平，两辆摩托车交会都困难，给村民出行带来很大不便。该项目党支部书记李金照回忆：“为了增进友谊，我们项目团队在铁路修建过程中，先后给周边3个村出资修建村路。”
“一条条村道修通了，我们与当地村民的心也更近了。”李金照表示，虽然大部分中企建设者都不能流畅地与当地村民直接对话，只会简单的问候，但是，他们听到最多的回应就是“China Bagus！”（中国好样的！）
如今，雅万高铁全线隧道、涵洞工程已全部完成，工程建设转入铺架施工阶段。与此同时，雅万高铁首批高速动车组也从青岛港运抵万隆动车所，为即将在今年年底举行的试运行做准备。
“按照计划，雅万高铁将于明年6月通车，目前我们的团队已经开始了最后冲刺。”李金照相信，雅万高铁建成后，不仅将成为拉近两国人民距离的新纽带，也将会助力中国高铁成为闪耀世界的国家名片。
《光明日报》（ 2022年10月31日 04版）
中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
| 凤凰彩票地图 |
